US President Donald Trump has announced one-time $90 payments for more than 20 million Medicare Part B enrollees, while renewing his proposal for a much larger $5,000 payment to adult US citizens if Republicans retain control of Congress in the November 2026 midterm elections.

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According to the White House, the Medicare payments will come from the Medicare Improvement Fund, which received $2 billion from Congress for improvements to the Medicare fee-for-service programme. Most eligible recipients are expected to receive the money through direct deposit in early October, while others will receive mailed checks.

The administration says most Medicare Part B enrollees qualify, although people whose premiums are already paid by Medicaid and those paying an Income-Related Monthly Adjustment Amount are excluded.

Trump has also reiterated his proposed $5,000 “Trump Dividend”. The White House said the proposed payment would go to every adult US citizen if Republicans win both chambers of Congress in the midterms. The proposal remains a campaign pledge rather than an existing payment programme.

The announcements come as the administration faces concerns over living costs and its economic performance. An AP-NORC poll conducted in late September found that 65% of Americans attributed higher-than-usual prices to Trump’s policies, while 69% said his handling of the cost of living had been worse than expected.

The $90 Medicare payments and proposed $5,000 dividend are separate initiatives, with different eligibility requirements and funding mechanisms.