The Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) has warned against the indiscriminate, repeated or prolonged use of painkillers and antibiotics, highlighting the potential risk of kidney damage and chronic kidney disease.
In a circular dated September 21, 2026, the drug regulator said non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and antibiotics are regulated under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 and the Drugs Rules, 1945. Their sale and distribution are required to be carried out on the prescription of a registered medical practitioner.
The advisory comes amid concerns over inappropriate medicine use, particularly self-medication and prolonged consumption without medical supervision. Some commonly used painkillers, particularly NSAIDs, can affect kidney function, with the risk becoming more significant in certain people and with repeated or prolonged use.
The CDSCO also stressed the importance of following antimicrobial stewardship principles when prescribing antibiotics. This means antibiotics should be used responsibly and only when clinically appropriate, with doctors considering the need for treatment and the risks associated with inappropriate use.
The regulator’s warning also reinforces the need for patients to avoid taking antibiotics or painkillers on their own or continuing them beyond the prescribed duration. Antibiotics should not be used unnecessarily, as inappropriate use can contribute to antimicrobial resistance.
The advisory highlights the importance of prescription-based medicine use and medical supervision, particularly when medicines are being taken repeatedly or for longer periods. Patients with concerns about pain treatment, antibiotic use or possible side effects should consult a registered medical practitioner rather than adjusting medication on their own.